Manchoukuo / Manchukuo was founded in 1932 by Japanese (who had Manchuria as a concession leased by Manchus) and Manchus (who were originally from Manchuria), Qing emperor Puyi acknowledged it. Later it was recognized worldwide by 19 nations until the end of WW2.
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Sadly, after WW2, CCP China changed the names of locations to erase a trace of Manchoukuo.
| Manchoukuo era | After WW2 |
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Hsinking /Xinjing/新京 (Capital of Manchoukuo) 満洲国の首都 |
Changchun/長春 (the provincial capital of Jilin Province) 吉林省の省都 長春 |
| Mukden/奉天 | Shenyang/瀋陽 |
(Video) Archive film of Mukden/奉天, Hsinking /Xinjing/新京, Harbin.
(Video) Fushun Shale-Oil Plant
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(Below) Ralph Townsend wrote in his book, “Ways That Are Dark: The Truth About China”, Japan reformed and developed Manchoukuo and thanks to that, the US sales doubled from what it was under Chinese rule.
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¶ Emperor and Empress , Manchurian Royals
Photos of Emperor and Empress. (colorized by Watanabe )
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Puyi visited Japan twice.
満州国皇帝陛下 御来訪画報 1935年（昭和10年）04月17日 通常号 597号
Manchu Empress receiving the Order of the Precious Crown at the ceremony.
How can monarchy and democracy coexist? For example, in modern-day Japan, there is an emperor, but he serves as a symbol of tradition and the nation, and his political authority is limited.
(Below) It is interesting that in 1919 even Chinese, Shh-gung Cheng, thought it might be better for emperor to stay as only a figure-head, and nation works well with a democratic government.
And that is the direction Manchoukuo was heading. Unfortunately the nation was destroyed by the US/Soviet after only a decade. Manchoukuo was busy improving its infrastructure for a modernization, and never got to the point where educating people with a variety of ethnics is good enough to start the election for a democracy.
(Below) Postcard summarizes the data for the great improvement of Manchoukuo since Manchurian Incident in 1931 to 10 years later(建国拾周年版). Green is before and Red is now(10 years later).
Summary of above data
| Before | After(10 years later) | |
| Bandits | 300,000 | 500 |
| Highways | 3,000 kilometers | 60,000 kilometers |
| Railway length | 4,000 kilometers | 10,500 kilometers |
| Cumulative Japanese investment in Manchuria | 175,000,000 yen | 715,000,000 yen |
| Opium addicts | 1.3 million | 620,000 |
| Elementary schools | 9,000 | 24,000 |
| Telephone Subscriptions | 35,000 | 110,000 |
| Universities | 1 | 18 |
| Movie Attendees | 500,000 | 4,000,000 |
| Railway Passengers | 8 million | 83.6 million |
| Bank Deposits | 271 million yen | 1,859,646,000 yen |
(Below) Suppression of Opium. The number of opium addicts had fallen by half—from 800,000 to 430,000—by 1941 in 3 years.
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Awareness Poster to Help People Quit Opioid Addiction  |
(Below)An awareness-raising poster promoting harmony and peaceful coexistence among five ethnic groups(Manchus/Han Chinese/Mongolian/Japanese/Korean)
(Below) Russians marching with Manchoukuo Flags
(Below) Some 2000 Manchurian Jewish. Japanese foreign ministry, Yosuke Matsuoka reassured Jewish people that German Antisemitism policy will not effect Japanese policy, it would be against racial equality. After a war in 1945, he was arrested as class A criminal, and he was honored in Yasukuni shrine after his death in 1948.
(Below) Posters showing the how dangerous outside of Manchoukuo and how safe inside, divided by Great Wall. This is actually truthful considering the fact that Manchus and Chinese were massacred by Han Chinese warlords during civil war in China.
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(Below) French author, Claude Farrere says, the peace and order is maintained in Manchuria even better than he imagined.
(Below) Manchoukuo was recognized by 19 nations. Left: Pope recognized Manchoukuo.
¶ Medical care/Pandemic prevention
(Below) Manchuria is also known as a place for Manchurian pandemic disease where people had suffered for long time. Japan built hospitals and made people aware of the importance of taking vaccination to stop a virus spreading.
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(Below) Japanese newspaper reports how the government of Manchoukuo used its budget for pandemic prevention.
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(Below) Japanese newspaper in Manchoukuo alerts citizens about the pandemic and advocate to play a sanitation role as individuals
¶ Education
There were official text books at school for Manchu(Chinese language) and Japanese versions.
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¶ Daily Life
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Japanese Journal Asahi Graph , May 30, 1934, the title, “和気張る満洲の首都、新京 西公園スケッチ”, Sketches of Xiping Park in Hsinking (新京), the Capital of Manchukuo, Where Harmony Reigns. The photos of ordinary people in the park. 
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母を連れ、子供を連れ、女中を連れての公園散策、新興 満洲国に初めてみる明朗なる風景だ Taking my mother, my children, and the maid for a stroll in the park—a bright and cheerful scene I had never seen before in the newly established Manchukuo. 
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在満兵士と子供達。満洲国で活躍する日本の兵隊さん達の公休日外出は、日本の子供達にとっても格別待たれる一日らしい。子供達のよき、おじさんぶりは内地を離れても暖かい人類愛となって輝く。 Japanese soldiers and children in Manchuria. The public holiday outings of Japanese soldiers active in Manchukuo seem to be a day especially anticipated by Japanese children as well. The children's affectionate uncles, even far from home, shine with warm human love. 
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満洲服の着心 郷に入っては郷に従え。在満日本婦人達の中には好んで満洲服の調達を愛するもののある。 The Heart of Wearing Manchurian Clothing When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Among Japanese women residing in Manchuria, some take great pleasure in acquiring Manchurian attire. 
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女性の流行色 きらびやかな流行色は、公園に花と咲く、満洲上流婦人達の平和な散歩すがた。 Women's Fashion Colors The dazzling fashion colors bloom like flowers in the park, the peaceful strolls of Manchurian upper-class ladies. 
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両手に花 第一、第二夫人を連れだっての仲のよさは満洲国では別に珍しい風景でもない Both Wives in Tow The sight of a man accompanied by his first and second wives was not particularly unusual in Manchukuo. 
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満洲名物の埃 満洲名物の埃には婦人達は相当悩まされると見える。風が強いと丸髪も洋髪もあったものではない、ヴェールですっかり包んだ即製防塵マスク Manchurian Dust Manchurian dust seems to cause considerable trouble for the ladies. When the wind blows strong, neither traditional buns nor Western hairstyles stand a chance—it's a veil-wrapped makeshift dust mask. 
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子供達の天地 広い公園は子供達にとっては自由な天地だ。伸びる満洲国の雰囲気も子供達の過剰な動作で讀めそうな気がする。 Children's Paradise The vast park is a realm of freedom for children. The atmosphere of Manchukuo spreading out seems almost palpable in their exuberant movements. 
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